The Ottomans suffered military defeats in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, culminating in the loss of territory.
Brighten your schedule with our themed March 2025 calendars. Choose from three unique designs: St. Patrick’s Day Fun
The Ottomans suffered military defeats in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, culminating in the loss of territory.
Brighten your schedule with our themed March 2025 calendars. Choose from three unique designs: St. Patrick’s Day Fun
The Ottoman Empire[l] (/ˈɒtəmən/ ⓘ), also called the Turkish Empire,[24][25] was an imperial realm[m] that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.[26][27][28]
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- The empire emerged from a beylik, or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in
- c. 1299 by the Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors conquered much of Anatolia
- and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into
- a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Christian Roman Empire with the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II and declared the State and Sultan
- himself the rightful successor of the Roman Empire[29][30]. With its capital at Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interactions between the Middle East and Europe for six centuries. Ruling over so many peoples, the empire granted varying levels of autonomy to its many confessional communities, or millets, to manage their own affairs per Islamic law. During the reigns of Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire became a global power.[31]
Etymology
While the Ottoman Empire was once thought to have entered a period of decline after the death of Suleiman the Magnificent, modern academic consensus posits that the empire continued to maintain a flexible and strong economy, society and military into much of the 18th century. The Ottomans suffered military defeats in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, culminating in the loss of territory. With rising nationalism, a number of new states emerged in the Balkans. Following Tanzimat reforms over the course of the 19th century, the Ottoman state became more powerful and organized internally. In the 1876 revolution, the Ottoman Empire attempted constitutional monarchy, before reverting to a royalist dictatorship under Abdul Hamid II, following the Great Eastern Crisis.
Over the course of the late 19th century, Ottoman intellectuals known as Young Turks sought to liberalize and rationalize society and politics along Western lines, culminating in the Young Turk Revolution of 1908 led by the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), which reestablished a constitutional monarchy. However, following the disastrous Balkan Wars, the CUP became increasingly radicalized and nationalistic, leading a coup d’état in 1913 that established a dictatorship.
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction and in the Russian Empire resulted in large-scale loss of life and mass migration into modern-day Turkey from the Balkans, Caucasus, and Crimea.[32] The CUP joined World War I on the side of the Central Powers. It struggled with internal dissent, especially the Arab Revolt, and engaged in genocide against Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks. In the aftermath of World War I, the victorious Allied Powers occupied and partitioned the Ottoman Empire, which lost its southern territories to the United Kingdom and France. The successful Turkish War of Independence, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk against the occupying Allies, led to the emergence of the Republic of Turkey and the abolition of the Ottoman monarchy in 1922.
See also: Osman I § Name
The word Ottoman is a historical anglicisation of the name of Osman I, the founder of the Empire and of the ruling House of Osman (also known as the Ottoman dynasty). Osman’s name in turn was the Turkish form of the Arabic name ʿUthmān (عثمان). In Ottoman Turkish, the empire was referred to as Devlet-i ʿAlīye-yi ʿOsmānīye (دولت عليه عثمانیه), lit. ’Sublime Ottoman State‘, or simply Devlet-i ʿOsmānīye (دولت عثمانيه), lit. ’Ottoman State‘.
Brighten your schedule with our themed March 2025 calendars. Choose from three unique designs: St. Patrick’s Day Fun, featuring green hats, clovers, and golden horseshoes; Floral Elegance, showcasing soft pink blossoms for a touch of spring; or Minimal Line Art, with clean black-and-white doodles of rainbows and pots of gold. Find your perfect March 2025 calendar today!
Your Guide to March 2025: Key Dates & Facts
March 2025, the third month of the Gregorian calendar, often signals the arrival of spring in the Northern Hemisphere. It’s a period of transition, growth, and renewed energy. Let’s dive into the significant dates, holidays, and intriguing facts associated with March 2025.
Key March 2025 Dates: Holidays and Observances
Stay in the loop with the important dates in March 2025. This comprehensive list covers major holidays, notable observances, and a range of other events to add to your calendar. With a bit of advance planning, you can navigate March with ease.
St. Patrick’s Day (Monday, March 17, 2025)
A globally celebrated cultural and religious holiday, St. Patrick’s Day honors the patron saint of Ireland, St. Patrick. It’s often associated with parades, wearing green, and Irish traditions, including special foods and music. Learn more about St. Patrick’s Day on History.com or Britannica.
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International Women’s Day (Saturday, March 8, 2025)
A global day celebrating the social, economic, cultural, and political achievements of women. It also marks a call to action for accelerating gender parity and bringing awareness to ongoing issues impacting women worldwide. Learn more at International Women’s Day website or on the United Nations website.
Other Notable Dates:
on History.com or Britannica.
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International Women’s Day (Saturday, March 8, 2025)
World Compliment Day (March 1)
A day dedicated to spreading positivity by giving genuine compliments. It’s a simple yet powerful way to brighten someone’s day. Learn more at World Compliment Day
Employee Appreciation Day (March 7)
A day for employers to show appreciation for their employees’ hard work and dedication. It’s an opportunity to boost morale and foster a positive work environment. Find ideas and resources at timeanddate.com.
International Day of Happiness (March 20)
A day to promote happiness and well-being around the world. It’s a reminder that happiness is a fundamental human goal. The United Nations provides more information.
World Water Day (March 22)
Raises awareness of the importance of freshwater and sustainable water management. It’s a day to reflect on water-related issues and take action to conserve this vital resource. Learn more at World Water Day.
World Meteorological Day (March 23)
Celebrates the establishment of the World Meteorological Organization and highlights the importance of meteorology and hydrology. World Meteorological Organization explains.
- Purim (begins evening of March 13 – ends evening of March 14) – A Jewish holiday commemorating the saving of the Jewish people from Haman. Learn more on Chabad.org
- Holi (evening of March 14 – evening of March 15) – A Hindu festival, also known as the “Festival of Colors.” Find out more on Britannica or timeanddate.com.
- First Day of Spring (March 20) – Also known as the vernal equinox, this marks the astronomical beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere. Learn more on The Old Farmer’s Almanac.
- Daylight Saving Time (Starts March 9) – Clocks are moved forward one hour, providing more daylight in the evening. Check details on timeanddate.com.
- National Vietnam War Veterans Day (March 29) – A day to honor and recognize veterans who served during the Vietnam War. Learn more on VA.gov
- Cesar Chavez Day (March 31) – A state holiday in California and other states, honoring the labor leader and civil rights activist. Find out more on dol.gov.
Sky Events in March 2025
Astronomy enthusiasts can look forward to celestial events in March 2025.
Full Moon (Friday, March 14, 2025)
March’s full moon is often called the “Worm Moon,” named for the earthworms that begin to appear in the warming soil as spring approaches. It’s also been known as the “Sap Moon,” marking the time when maple sap begins to flow, and the “Crow Moon,” for the cawing of crows signaling the end of winter. Find out more on timeanddate.com or The Old Farmer’s Almanac.
Other Notable Celestial Events:
Consult timeanddate.com or in-the-sky.org for updated information on the visibility of planets and other events.
March: History and Traditions
Delve into the rich history and cultural significance of March.
The Origin of March
The name “March” comes from the Roman god of war, Mars. In the ancient Roman calendar, March (or *Martius*) was the first month of the year and a time for military campaigns to resume after the winter lull. It was seen as a time to honor Mars and seek his favor in upcoming battles.
March Birthstone and Flowers
Birthstone
March’s birthstone is the aquamarine, a beautiful blue-green gemstone that symbolizes tranquility, serenity, clarity, and harmony. Its color is reminiscent of the sea. Learn more on the GIA website or the American Gem Society.
Birth Flowers
March’s birth flower is the daffodil, a cheerful yellow flower that symbolizes rebirth, new beginnings, and the arrival of spring. It’s also associated with hope and joy. Find out more on The Old Farmer’s Almanac.
March Zodiac Signs
Your zodiac sign if born in March is either Pisces or Aries.
Pisces (February 19 – March 20)
Pisces are known for their compassion, intuition, artistic nature, and empathy. They are often seen as sensitive, imaginative, and deeply connected to their emotions.
Aries (March 21 – April 19)
Aries are known for their courage, determination, passion, and leadership qualities. They are often seen as energetic, adventurous, and eager to take on new challenges.
Download Your Free March 2025 Calendar & Start Planning!
Now that you’re equipped with key dates, facts, and a variety of calendar options, you’re ready to plan a fantastic March 2025! Download your preferred calendar template today and make the most of this month of transition and new beginnings.